C ++를 사용하여 런타임에 메모리 사용량을 얻는 방법은 무엇입니까?

C ++를 사용하여 런타임에 메모리 사용량을 얻는 방법은 무엇입니까?

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내 프로그램의 런타임에 mem 사용 VIRT 및 RES를 가져 와서 표시해야합니다.

지금까지 시도한 것 :

getrusage ( http://linux.die.net/man/2/getrusage )

int who = RUSAGE_SELF; 
struct rusage usage; 
int ret; 

ret=getrusage(who,&usage);

cout<<usage.ru_maxrss;

하지만 나는 항상 0을 얻습니다.

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Linux에서는 ioctl () 솔루션을 찾지 못했습니다 . 우리의 애플리케이션을 위해 우리는 / proc / pid 파일 읽기를 기반으로 일반 유틸리티 루틴을 코딩했습니다 . 다른 결과를 제공하는 이러한 파일이 많이 있습니다. 다음은 우리가 결정한 것입니다 (질문은 C ++ 태그가 지정되었고 C ++ 구조를 사용하여 I / O를 처리했지만 필요한 경우 C i / o 루틴에 쉽게 적용 할 수 있어야합니다).

#include <unistd.h>
#include <ios>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// process_mem_usage(double &, double &) - takes two doubles by reference,
// attempts to read the system-dependent data for a process' virtual memory
// size and resident set size, and return the results in KB.
//
// On failure, returns 0.0, 0.0

void process_mem_usage(double& vm_usage, double& resident_set)
{
   using std::ios_base;
   using std::ifstream;
   using std::string;

   vm_usage     = 0.0;
   resident_set = 0.0;

   // 'file' stat seems to give the most reliable results
   //
   ifstream stat_stream("/proc/self/stat",ios_base::in);

   // dummy vars for leading entries in stat that we don't care about
   //
   string pid, comm, state, ppid, pgrp, session, tty_nr;
   string tpgid, flags, minflt, cminflt, majflt, cmajflt;
   string utime, stime, cutime, cstime, priority, nice;
   string O, itrealvalue, starttime;

   // the two fields we want
   //
   unsigned long vsize;
   long rss;

   stat_stream >> pid >> comm >> state >> ppid >> pgrp >> session >> tty_nr
               >> tpgid >> flags >> minflt >> cminflt >> majflt >> cmajflt
               >> utime >> stime >> cutime >> cstime >> priority >> nice
               >> O >> itrealvalue >> starttime >> vsize >> rss; // don't care about the rest

   stat_stream.close();

   long page_size_kb = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) / 1024; // in case x86-64 is configured to use 2MB pages
   vm_usage     = vsize / 1024.0;
   resident_set = rss * page_size_kb;
}

int main()
{
   using std::cout;
   using std::endl;

   double vm, rss;
   process_mem_usage(vm, rss);
   cout << "VM: " << vm << "; RSS: " << rss << endl;
}

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David Robert Nadeau has put a good self contained multi-platform C function to get the process resident set size (physical memory use) in his website:

/*
 * Author:  David Robert Nadeau
 * Site:    http://NadeauSoftware.com/
 * License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License
 *          http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en_US
 */

#if defined(_WIN32)
#include <windows.h>
#include <psapi.h>

#elif defined(__unix__) || defined(__unix) || defined(unix) || (defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__))
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>

#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
#include <mach/mach.h>

#elif (defined(_AIX) || defined(__TOS__AIX__)) || (defined(__sun__) || defined(__sun) || defined(sun) && (defined(__SVR4) || defined(__svr4__)))
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <procfs.h>

#elif defined(__linux__) || defined(__linux) || defined(linux) || defined(__gnu_linux__)
#include <stdio.h>

#endif

#else
#error "Cannot define getPeakRSS( ) or getCurrentRSS( ) for an unknown OS."
#endif





/**
 * Returns the peak (maximum so far) resident set size (physical
 * memory use) measured in bytes, or zero if the value cannot be
 * determined on this OS.
 */
size_t getPeakRSS( )
{
#if defined(_WIN32)
    /* Windows -------------------------------------------------- */
    PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS info;
    GetProcessMemoryInfo( GetCurrentProcess( ), &info, sizeof(info) );
    return (size_t)info.PeakWorkingSetSize;

#elif (defined(_AIX) || defined(__TOS__AIX__)) || (defined(__sun__) || defined(__sun) || defined(sun) && (defined(__SVR4) || defined(__svr4__)))
    /* AIX and Solaris ------------------------------------------ */
    struct psinfo psinfo;
    int fd = -1;
    if ( (fd = open( "/proc/self/psinfo", O_RDONLY )) == -1 )
        return (size_t)0L;      /* Can't open? */
    if ( read( fd, &psinfo, sizeof(psinfo) ) != sizeof(psinfo) )
    {
        close( fd );
        return (size_t)0L;      /* Can't read? */
    }
    close( fd );
    return (size_t)(psinfo.pr_rssize * 1024L);

#elif defined(__unix__) || defined(__unix) || defined(unix) || (defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__))
    /* BSD, Linux, and OSX -------------------------------------- */
    struct rusage rusage;
    getrusage( RUSAGE_SELF, &rusage );
#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
    return (size_t)rusage.ru_maxrss;
#else
    return (size_t)(rusage.ru_maxrss * 1024L);
#endif

#else
    /* Unknown OS ----------------------------------------------- */
    return (size_t)0L;          /* Unsupported. */
#endif
}





/**
 * Returns the current resident set size (physical memory use) measured
 * in bytes, or zero if the value cannot be determined on this OS.
 */
size_t getCurrentRSS( )
{
#if defined(_WIN32)
    /* Windows -------------------------------------------------- */
    PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS info;
    GetProcessMemoryInfo( GetCurrentProcess( ), &info, sizeof(info) );
    return (size_t)info.WorkingSetSize;

#elif defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
    /* OSX ------------------------------------------------------ */
    struct mach_task_basic_info info;
    mach_msg_type_number_t infoCount = MACH_TASK_BASIC_INFO_COUNT;
    if ( task_info( mach_task_self( ), MACH_TASK_BASIC_INFO,
        (task_info_t)&info, &infoCount ) != KERN_SUCCESS )
        return (size_t)0L;      /* Can't access? */
    return (size_t)info.resident_size;

#elif defined(__linux__) || defined(__linux) || defined(linux) || defined(__gnu_linux__)
    /* Linux ---------------------------------------------------- */
    long rss = 0L;
    FILE* fp = NULL;
    if ( (fp = fopen( "/proc/self/statm", "r" )) == NULL )
        return (size_t)0L;      /* Can't open? */
    if ( fscanf( fp, "%*s%ld", &rss ) != 1 )
    {
        fclose( fp );
        return (size_t)0L;      /* Can't read? */
    }
    fclose( fp );
    return (size_t)rss * (size_t)sysconf( _SC_PAGESIZE);

#else
    /* AIX, BSD, Solaris, and Unknown OS ------------------------ */
    return (size_t)0L;          /* Unsupported. */
#endif
}

Usage

size_t currentSize = getCurrentRSS( );
size_t peakSize    = getPeakRSS( );

For more discussion, check the web site, it also provides a function to get the physical memory size of a system.

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Old:

maxrss states the maximum available memory for the process. 0 means that no limit is put upon the process. What you probably want is unshared data usage ru_idrss.

New: It seems that the above does not actually work, as the kernel does not fill most of the values. What does work is to get the information from proc. Instead of parsing it oneself though, it is easier to use libproc (part of procps) as follows:

// getrusage.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <proc/readproc.h>

int main() {
  struct proc_t usage;
  look_up_our_self(&usage);
  printf("usage: %lu\n", usage.vsize);
}

Compile with "gcc -o getrusage getrusage.c -lproc"

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On linux, if you can afford the run time cost (for debugging), you can use valgrind with the massif tool:

http://valgrind.org/docs/manual/ms-manual.html

It is heavy weight, but very useful.

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The existing answers are better for how to get the correct value, but I can at least explain why getrusage isn't working for you.

man 2 getrusage:

The above struct [rusage] was taken from BSD 4.3 Reno. Not all fields are meaningful under Linux. Right now (Linux 2.4, 2.6) only the fields ru_utime, ru_stime, ru_minflt, ru_majflt, and ru_nswap are maintained.

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A more elegant way for Don Wakefield method:

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

int main(){

    int tSize = 0, resident = 0, share = 0;
    ifstream buffer("/proc/self/statm");
    buffer >> tSize >> resident >> share;
    buffer.close();

    long page_size_kb = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) / 1024; // in case x86-64 is configured to use 2MB pages
    double rss = resident * page_size_kb;
    cout << "RSS - " << rss << " kB\n";

    double shared_mem = share * page_size_kb;
    cout << "Shared Memory - " << shared_mem << " kB\n";

    cout << "Private Memory - " << rss - shared_mem << "kB\n";
    return 0;
}

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in additional to your way
you could call system ps command and get memory usage from it output.
or read info from /proc/pid ( see PIOCPSINFO struct )

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I am using other way to do that and it sounds realistic. What I do is i got the PID of the process by getpid() function and then I use /proc/pid/stat file. I believe the 23rd column of the stat file is the vmsize (look at the Don post). You may read the vmsize from the file wherever you need in the code. In case you wonder how much a snippet of a code may use memory, you may read that file once before that snippet and once after and you can subtract them from each other.

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Based on Don W's solution, with fewer variables.

void process_mem_usage(double& vm_usage, double& resident_set)
{
    vm_usage     = 0.0;
    resident_set = 0.0;

    // the two fields we want
    unsigned long vsize;
    long rss;
    {
        std::string ignore;
        std::ifstream ifs("/proc/self/stat", std::ios_base::in);
        ifs >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore
                >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore >> ignore
                >> ignore >> ignore >> vsize >> rss;
    }

    long page_size_kb = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) / 1024; // in case x86-64 is configured to use 2MB pages
    vm_usage = vsize / 1024.0;
    resident_set = rss * page_size_kb;
}

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I was looking for a Linux app to measure maximum memory used. valgrind is an excellent tool, but was giving me more information than I wanted. tstime seemed to be the best tool I could find. It measures "highwater" memory usage (RSS and virtual). See this answer.

참고URL : https://stackoverflow.com/questions/669438/how-to-get-memory-usage-at-runtime-using-c